Heater



(No Model.)l P; vBRECILIEPbl 4 2 sheets-sneer. 1.

HEATER. I

Patented Feb. 21.1882.

(No Model.) P BRE0H'ER- 2 sheets-sheen 2.

' HEATER. Y y N0. 253,969. .tented Feb. 21,1882.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PHILIP BREOHER, F LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY.

HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 253,969, dated February 21, 1882.

Application filed September 17, 1881. (No model.)

To all lwhom it may concern Beit known that I, PHILIP BRECHER, of Louisville, in the county of Jefferson, `and in the State of Kentucky, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Heaters; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the-invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, making a part of this specification.

My invention relates to the class of heaters or stoves which are applied to mantels or opengrate fires as now employed for heating rooms or apartments and the object is to readily apply such heaters to mantels or open grates, as Aalso to adjust them withinthe space now usually yoccupied by an ordinary grate-fire in a mantel to heat the apartment in which it is placed, and to heat upper or other apartments lby the same heater, it' desired, by making the proper connections, or to use and applythe same as a separate and distinct stove or heater in any position within the room to be heated, where it can be made to act as an open-grate fire, and making the proper connections with the hot-air tlues, if also upper apartments ares to be heated, and the ordinary flue or chimney. The invention consists in the construction and arrangement of parts, as will be more fully described hereinafter, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 represents a perspective viewV of my improved heater applied to a mantel. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section of the same. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on line y y. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section online .fr Fig. 5 is a front view of the plate A or fire-back, showing the novel arrangement ofthe hollow pins projecting into the combustion-chamber.

In the drawings, A is the back of the fireboX or fuel-receptacle Af, which is provided with the ordinary grate. The back A is provided with two or more rows of hollow projections or pins, c, arranged in a staggering manner, as shown in Fig. 5, which project into the fire-box A to furnish additional heatingsurface to divide the products of combustion, gases, and smoke, in theirupward passage to the ilue H', leading to the chimney, for the purpose of admitting air andame to penetrate tle dense smoke and gases, which are generated immediately above the tire contained in the grate, (especially when fresh fuel is added,) thereby to more thoroughly consume the smoke and gases and generate more heat and save fuel. The object of placing these hollow pins or projections to extend into `the tire-box or von the surfaces of the combustion-chamber,

and the draft is aided. The outward air will force itself into the spaces where the products of combustion are divided by the projections orpins,.commingling with the gases and smoke, igniting the same more thoroughly than in the style of corrugated iirebacks heretofore employed, presenting more heating-surface, and giving 0E more heat to the front of the opening into the room when used as an open- 'grate fire in any position in the room to be heated, with doors G C drawn back or opened, generating more heat and saving fuel thereby. As the pins or projections become intensely heated, aiding in the combustion, as above stated, they also emit the heated air from the inside ofthe hollow pins into the airspace B, formed in the rear. Currents are also caused therein, whereby the air contained within it becomes more thoroughly heated than in the ordinary heaters. The air so emitted forces itself to the upper portions of the chamber B, where it will pass out through the hot-air passages or vents H H or the register Gr, as they may be adjusted, the cooler air remaining in the lower spaces, as is well understood, whereby the hottest air contained in the chamber only is utilized for'the purposes intended.

The air-chamber B is divided into two conn partments by a reticulated or numerously-perforated partition or diaphragm, M. As the heated air forces its way to the top of the chamber, passing out through the vents H H or register G, a vacuum is created, which will draw the cooler air from the lower chamber through the holes or perforations in the dia- IOO phragm in small jets or streams, whereby currents are generated, commingling with the hotter air, thus keeping up a continual circulation, and more thoroughly, evenly, and highly heating the air.

In the front part of the heater are the sliding doors C C, slidiu g inthe grooves D D. The doors, when closed, act as a blower and damper, as in open-grate res, or make the heater act as a closed stove. When open all the benefits and comforts of an opengrate lire are obtained, as the heater in that position is an open-grate re.

The lower tire-back, E, is provided with nu merous perforations which communicate with a hot-air space, b, in the rear thereof, and suitableregisters regulate the amount of air to be admitted to the air-spaces at the rear of the heater, as indicated by the arrows. The airspace b aids in the proper combustion of .the fuel, and also prevents the fire back or lining from burning out or becomingdestroyed by the direct action of the fire. The air is admitted to the space b by means of the register N. The dampers in the vents H H, in combi nation with the register G, can be so adjusted that portions of the heated air contained in the chamber B will pass up through the vents H H to apartments above, and portions through register G into `the room where the heater is placed, as may be desired.

A deflector or hood, K, immediately above theregister G, serves to diffuse the heated air back into the room in which the heater is placed, and by deflecting and turning the heated air outward as it impinges against its outer surfaces, causing the same to diffuse itself more thoroughly in the lower-portions of the apartment before rising directly upward, according to the well-known laws of nature. It also prevents the ashes, dust, smoke, and einders which may arise by the currents of hot airfrom the grate-fire when the doors are opened or drawn back from rising and lodging on the mantel-piece or objects thereon.

The vents H H may be connected by an arch leading into the main hot-air iiuedirectly .in the center and above the smokeilueH, whereby the heat. emitted by the smoke-flue B', in passing. up the chimney, adds additional heat to thehot-airue, utilizing the heat so emitted to heatl the upper apartments,fwhich.would otherwise pass out` of the chimney unused, less fuelbeing. expendedfor the amount of heatso generated. n

The register N regulates the. amount ofY air required in the irefbox, and regulates the draft, Svc.; and O is the ycover of the ash-box,

and any ornamental vase or pan, L', for containingwater, Ste., can be placed on the heater, if desired.

The register Gin the front of the heater can if desired, be adjusted to admit the air heated in the air-space B into the room,.or when closed it will prevent the escape of the heated air, excepting through the vents H H, which lead to the upper rooms or apartments. The double damper Iv in the mouthsof the iiues H H,

when closed, will compel the air to enter the space J in the upper part of the heater, to be more thoroughly and highly heated therein, and from thence it passes out through the reg- .ister G intothe room or apartment.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,

l. A heater having a firebaclr, A, with hollow air-circulating chambers projecting into the fire-chamber formed by the walls of the .teats a, and communicating with a hot-air substantiallyv as described.

4..v 'lhecombination of a fire-box, A', an inclined .back,.A, provided with hollow projec tionsa, arranged staggering, a divided airspace, B, a lower perforated dre-back, E, an air-space, b, passage, N', registers F G N, heating-,chamber-J, damper I, ues H H', doors'O, and ladetlector or hood,vK, all. arranged. -substantially as. described.

5. In a heater, vthe-combustion-chamber, provided -with an `ordinary grate, having a yfire backor wall, A, with a seriesof hollow pins lor conical teats, a, cast thereon, which project into said combustion-chamber or -irebox, in combination with theupwardlyy and backwardly directed -ue- L, substantially as described, andfor the purposes specified.

6. In a heater, .the combustion-chamberA,

`having a re `baclror wall, A, provided with hollowpinsor conical teats y a, cast thereon,

which project into and nearlyacross'thefirebox, arranged in two.or,more rowsina staggering manner, as-shown and described, and

for the purposes specified.

7. In a heater, a combustion-chamber having a fire backor wall, A, providedwvith-hot low pins or. conical teats a, arranged-,in-two or more rows. in .a staggering manner, -whose outer surfaces project into and nearlyvacross theire-box, and whose inner surfaces or hollows lead into and form part of ,the air-chambers B in rear of the same, substantially as .shown andrdescribed, and for `the purposes specified.

8. In a heater, a combustionchamber with a fire back or wall, A, provided with hollow' pins or conical teats a, arranged'in-two or more rows. staggering, in combination ,with av d1 IOC vided air-space, B, in rear of said wall, the said air-space being divided by a reticulated or numerously-perforated diaphragm, M, into two compartments, substantially as described, and for the purposes specified.

' 9. In a heater, a combustion-chamber hav ing a lire back or wall, A, provided with hollow pins or conical teats a, arranged in two or more rows staggering, and an air-chamber,B, divided into two compartments by the reticulated or numerously-perforated diaphragm M, in combination with the registers F N, substantially as described, and for the purposes specified.

and heat and dust deector K, all arranged in the manner shown and described, and for the purposes specified.

11. In a heater, the combination of the combustion-chamber A', havingareback or wall, A, provided with hollow pins or conical teats a, cast thereon,arran ged in two ormore rows in a staggering manner, whose outer surfaces project into and nearly across the fire-box, and whose inner surfaces or hollows lead into and form part of the divided air-chamber B, which is divided by a reticulated or numerously-pen forated diaphragin,M, the registersFN,vent-s H, dampers I, arch and main hot-air ilue L, smoke-due H', air-space J, register G, hood or deiiector K, and doors C, all arranged substantially as described, and for the purposes speciiied.

In testimonyvwhereofI affix my signature,iu presence of two witnesses, this 13th day of July, 1881.

PHILIP BRECHER.

Witnesses:

ERNEST H. THOMAS, JOHN LEAF. 

